‘壹’ 涓绘祦镄勮祫浜ч厤缃妯″瀷鏄浠涔堟牱镄勶纻
涓绘祦镄勮祫浜ч厤缃妯″瀷涓嶅寘𨰾鏂уご鍨嬨
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‘贰’ SketchUp镐庝箞缁欐洸闱㈡ā鍨嬭创锲撅纻Sketchup缁欐洸闱㈡ā鍨嬭创锲剧殑鏂规硶
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SketchUp钻夊浘澶у笀鎻掍欢浣跨敤鏁欑▼
Sketchup-钻夊浘澶у笀鎴垮瓙寤烘ā鏁欑▼
sketchup瀹跺叿镆滃瓙寤烘ā瀹炰緥鏁欑▼
SketchUp钻夊浘澶у笀鍏ュ彛澶勬煖瀛愬埗浣
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Sketchup缁欐洸闱㈡ā鍨嬭创锲剧殑鏂规硶
1銆佹g‘镄勮创锲炬柟寮忔槸锛1.浠峄ile>Import涓瀵煎叆浣犳墍瑕佺敤浜庤创锲剧殑锲剧墖
2銆佽皟鏁村ソ锲剧墖镄勫ぇ灏忓拰浣犳墍瑕佽创锲剧殑鐗╀綋镄勫ぇ灏忎竴镊达纸鎴栬呰皟鏁村埌锲剧墖闇瑕佺敤浜庤创锲剧殑閮ㄥ垎鍜岀墿浣撶殑澶у皬涓镊达级
3銆侀夋嫨锲剧墖钖庢寜榧犳爣鍙抽敭锛岄夋嫨Explode锛岀偢寮锲剧墖
4銆佹墦寮PaintBucket𨱒愯川绠$悊鍣锛屽傚浘锛氶夋嫨钖哥$洿鎺ュ湪锲剧墖涓婂惛鍙栵纴鍗冧竾涓嶈侀夋嫨𨱒愯川绠$悊鍣ㄤ腑镄勫浘鐗囨潗璐锛堢偢寮锲剧墖钖庝细鍦ㄦ潗璐ㄧ$悊鍣ㄤ腑镊锷ㄥ皢杩欎釜锲剧墖娣诲姞涓烘潗璐锛夈
5銆佸皢钖稿彇镄勬潗璐ㄨ祴浜堟墍瑕佺殑鐗╀綋锛埚傛灉鏄缁勬垨缁勪欢镄勮瘽蹇呴’杩涘叆缁勬垨缁勪欢镄勭紪杈戠姸镐佹墠浠ヨ祴浜堟潗璐锛屽惁鍒......锛夛纴ok锛佸ぇ锷熷憡鎴愶綖
6銆佸啀𨱒ヨ磋寸悆褰㈢殑璐村浘鏂瑰纺钖э纴鍏跺疄璺熷钩闱㈢殑锘烘湰涓镊淬傝繖鏄铡熷嬬殑璐村浘鏂瑰纺镓鏄剧ず镄勮创锲
7銆佸煎叆浣犳墍瑕佺敤浜庤创锲剧殑锲剧墖锛屽苟璋冩暣濂藉ぇ灏忔垨镓闇瑕佺殑閮ㄥ垎鑳借嗙洊鏁翠釜鐗╀綋
8銆侀夋嫨锲剧墖钖庢寜榧犳爣鍙抽敭锛岄夋嫨Explode锛岀偢寮锲剧墖
9銆佹墦寮PaintBucket𨱒愯川绠$悊鍣锛屽傚浘锛氶夋嫨钖哥$洿鎺ュ湪锲剧墖涓婂惛鍙栵纴鍗冧竾涓嶈侀夋嫨𨱒愯川绠$悊鍣ㄤ腑镄勫浘鐗囨潗璐锛堢偢寮锲剧墖钖庝细鍦ㄦ潗璐ㄧ$悊鍣ㄤ腑镊锷ㄥ皢杩欎釜锲剧墖娣诲姞涓烘潗璐锛夈
10銆佸皢钖稿彇镄勬潗璐ㄨ祴浜堟墍瑕佺殑鐗╀綋锛埚傛灉鏄缁勬垨缁勪欢镄勮瘽蹇呴’杩涘叆缁勬垨缁勪欢镄勭紪杈戠姸镐佹墠浠ヨ祴浜堟潗璐锛屽惁鍒......锛夈俹k锛佸ぇ锷熷憡鎴愶綖
浠ヤ笂灏辨槸Sketchup缁欐洸闱㈡ā鍨嬭创锲剧殑镎崭綔鏂规硶浜嗭纴Sketchup浣跨敤姣旇缉绠鍗曪纴镟村歋ketchup镄勪娇鐢ㄥ拰璁捐℃暀绋嫔氨鍦ㄧ窘鍏旓纴𨱍宠嚜瀛﹀氨镣瑰嚮杩欎釜阈炬帴鍝
‘叁’ 鏁椤︽ā鍨嬫湁鍝浜
NO.1 缁勭粐甯哥敤镄璇剧▼璁捐妯″瀷
1.ISD妯″瀷
1锛塈SD妯″瀷浠嬬粛
ISD( Instructional System Design)妯″瀷,鍗虫暀瀛︾郴缁熷寲璁捐,鏄浠ヤ紶鎾鐞呜恒瀛︿範鐞呜銆佹暀瀛︾悊璁轰负锘虹,杩愮敤绯荤粺鐞呜虹殑瑙傜偣鍜岀煡璇嗗垎鏋愭暀瀛︿腑闂棰桦拰闇姹傚苟浠庝腑镓惧嚭链浣崇瓟妗堢殑涓绉岖悊璁哄拰鏂规硶銆
(1)鍒嗘瀽
瀵规暀瀛﹀唴瀹广佸︿範鍐呭广佸︿範钥呯壒寰佺殑鍒嗘瀽
(2)璁捐
瀵瑰︿範璧勬簮,瀛︿範𨱍呮櫙,璁ょ煡宸ュ叿,镊涓诲︿範绛栫暐銆佺$悊涓庢湇锷¤繘琛岃捐°
(3)寮鍙
镙规嵁璁捐″唴瀹硅繘琛岃剧▼寮鍙戙
(4)瀹炴柦
镙规嵁璇剧▼寮鍙戠殑鎴愭灉瀹炴柦锘硅銆
(5)璇勪及
瀵瑰紑鍙戠殑璇剧▼璇勪及骞跺舰鎴愯瘎浼版姤锻娿
2锛夌粍缁呕SD妯″瀷璁捐″疄渚
涓嫔浘鏄疘SD妯″瀷鍦ㄧ粍缁囧煿璁涓搴旂敤镄勬ā鍨嬬ず渚嬨
2.HPT妯″瀷
HPT (Human Performance Technology)锛屽嵆缁╂晥鎶链妯″瀷,瀹冮氲繃纭瀹氱哗鏁埚樊璺濄侀噰鍙栨湁鏁堢泭鍜屾晥鐜囩殑骞查勬帾鏂,銮峰缑镓甯屾湜镄勪汉锻樼哗鏁堛傝ユā鍨嫔己璋冨逛绠鎴愭湰銆侀珮鏁堢泭鍜岄珮鏁堢巼镄勮В鍐抽梾棰樼殑鏂规硶阃夋嫨銆
HPT妯″瀷镄勬搷浣沧ラゅ备笅锲撅细
3.CBET妯″瀷
CBET妯″瀷( Competency Based Ecation and Training Model),鍗宠兘锷涙湰浣嶆暀镶插煿璁妯″纺,璧峰嬩簬鎶链宸ヤ汉镄勮亴涓氩煿璁,锘轰簬镵屼笟宀椾綅钥屽紑鍙,鏄庣‘妯″纺镄勬暀瀛﹀熀纭銆鏁椤︾洰镙鍜岃瘎浠锋爣鍑嗐
鑳藉姏鍙浠ユ槸锷ㄦ満銆佺壒镐с佹妧鑳姐佷汉镄勮嚜鎴戝舰璞°佺ぞ浼氲掕壊镄 涓涓鏂归溃鎴栨墍浣跨敤镄勭煡璇嗘暣浣撱傛墍浠ワ纴鑳藉姏鏄灞ヨ岃亴锷℃墍闇镄勭礌璐ㄥ嗳澶囷纴阃氲繃锘硅锛屽彲浠ヤ娇浜虹殑娼滆兘杞鍖栦负鑳藉姏銆
CBET妯″瀷锘轰簬宀椾綅镄勮剧▼寮鍙戝拰瀹炴柦娴佺▼濡备笅锲炬墍绀猴细
CBET鏄浠ユ煇涓宸ヤ綔宀椾綅镓闇镄勮兘锷涗綔涓哄紑鍙戣剧▼镄勬爣鍑,骞跺皢瀛︿範钥呰幏寰楃浉鍏宠兘锷涗綔涓哄煿璁镄勫畻镞ㄣ侰BET妯″瀷浣撶幇镄勮兘锷涜傛槸浠诲姟鑳藉姏瑙,瀹冨皢浠诲姟鎴栦换锷$殑鍙犲姞浣滀负鑳藉姏,浣呜繖绉嶈兘锷涜傜殑搴旂敤链夊叾灞闄愭с
CBET妯″瀷镄勬寚瀵兼濇兂鍜岃剧▼寮鍙戞柟娉曡存槑,涓嶅悓镄勪汉镓岖被鍨嫔瓨鍦ㄤ笉钖岀殑锘瑰吇瑙勬牸鍜岃剧▼妯″纺,镓浠,涓嶅瓨鍦ㄧ诲紑浜烘墠鐗瑰緛镄勭粺涓镄勬暀瀛︽爣鍑嗐侰BET妯″瀷搴旂敤浜庣粍缁囧煿璁涓闇钥冭槛濡备笅涓変釜瑕佺礌锛
4.ADDIE妯″瀷
ADDIE妯″瀷鍖呭惈涓変釜鏂归溃镄勫唴瀹癸纴鍗宠佸︿粈涔堬纸瀛︿範鐩镙囩殑鍒跺畾锛夈佸备綍铡诲︼纸瀛︿範绛栫暐镄勫簲鐢锛夈佸备綍铡诲垽鏂瀛︿範钥呭凡杈惧埌瀛︿範鏁堟灉锛埚︿範钥冭瘎瀹炴柦锛夈侫DDIE妯″瀷镄勬祦绋嬩笌鍐呭瑰备笅锛
5.DACUM妯″瀷
DACUM妯″瀷锛图evelop A Curriculum)妯″瀷鏄阃氲繃镵屽姟鍒嗘瀽鎴栦换锷″垎鏋愪粠钥岀‘瀹氭煇涓镵屼笟镓瑕佹眰镄勫悇绉岖患钖堣兘锷涘强鐩稿簲涓挞”鎶鑳界殑绯荤粺鏂规硶銆
DACUM琛ㄦ槸鐢辨煇涓绉嶈亴锷℃墍瑕佹眰镄勫悇绉岖患钖堣兘锷涳纸浠诲姟棰嗗烟锛変互鍙婄浉搴旂殑涓扑笟鎶鑳斤纸鍗曢”浠诲姟锛夋墍缁勬垚镄勪簩缁村浘琛锛屾弿杩颁简涓扑笟璇剧▼寮鍙戠殑鐩镙囧拰浠庝簨璇ラ”镵屽姟蹇呴’婊¤冻镄勫悇绉嶈佹眰銆傚叾涓锛屸滆屸濅唬琛ㄤ笓椤规妧鑳斤纴钬滃垪钬濅唬琛ㄧ患钖堣兘锷涖
DACUM鍖呮嫭钖岖О銆佷换锷¢嗗烟銆佸崟椤逛换锷″拰浠诲姟瀹屾垚璇勫畾镙囧嗳锲涢”鍐呭广傜敤DACUM娉曡繘琛屽伐浣滀换锷″垎鏋愮殑娴佺▼濡备笅锛
DACUM鏂规硶阃傜敤浜庡湪娲诲姩杩囩▼涓锻堢幇锲哄畾镐х▼搴忓拰閲嶅嶆鐗瑰緛镄勫啀鐢熸ф妧鑳斤纴濡傞捇瀛斿伐搴忋备絾瀵逛簬闇瑕佸叿澶囦竴瀹氱悊璁哄熀纭寮灞旷殑娲诲姩锛屼互鍙婂悓镞跺憟鐜扮伒娲绘у拰鍙橀氭х殑鍒涢犳ф妧鑳斤纸濡傝В鍐冲伐镩洪梾棰桡级锛娈ACUM妯″瀷鍦ㄤ娇鐢ㄤ腑浼氭湁涓瀹氩汹闅俱
NO.2 涓栫晫镢楀悕璇剧▼璁捐℃ā鍨
1.娉板嫆璇剧▼璁捐℃ā鍨
娉板嫆鏄鐩镙囨ā寮忕殑浠h〃浜虹墿锛岀洰镙囨ā寮忔槸璇剧▼璁捐$殑涓绘祦妯″纺銆傛嘲鍕掑熀浜庡硅剧▼镄勮勫垝鍜岃捐℃彁鍑轰简浠ョ‘瀹氭暀镶茬洰镙囦负镙稿绩镄勮剧▼鐞呜恒
娉板嫆璇剧▼璁捐$殑铡熺悊濡备笅锛
1锛夊舰鎴愯剧▼鐩镙
鍦ㄨ剧▼璁捐′箣鍒,棣栧厛闇瑕佸洖绛斺滆揪鎴愪粈涔堟暀镶茬洰镄勨濈殑闂棰,鍗宠佺‘瀹氲剧▼鐩镙囥傝剧▼鐩镙囩殑鍐冲畾闇瑕佽冭槛瀛︾敓銆佺ぞ浼氢互鍙婂︾戠瓑镄勯渶姹,骞剁患钖堣繖浜涢渶姹傚舰鎴愭殏镞剁殑璇剧▼鐩镙囥傞拡瀵规殏镞剁殑璇剧▼鐩镙囦粠鏁栾偛鍝插﹀拰瀛︿範蹇幂悊瀛︿袱涓鏂归溃杩涜岃繃婊,杩涜屽舰鎴愮簿纭镄勮剧▼鐩镙囥傜簿纭镄勮剧▼鐩镙囧簲褰撴暟閲忓皯钥岄吨瑕併
2锛夐夋嫨瀛︿範缁忛獙
阃夋嫨瀛︿範缁忛獙,鍗崇‘瀹氶渶瑕佹彁渚涗粈涔堟牱镄勫︿範鍐呭规垨娲诲姩,镓嶈兘杈惧埌涔嫔墠纭瀹氱殑璇剧▼鐩镙囥
3锛夌粍缁囧︿範缁忛獙
鍦ㄩ夋嫨浜嗕䌷澶氱殑鍐呭规垨娲诲姩钖,闇瑕佸洖绛斺沧庢牱灏呜繖浜涘︿範缁忛獙链夋晥缁勭粐璧锋潵钬濈殑闂棰,鍗崇粍缁囧︿範缁忛獙銆傜粍缁囧︿範缁忛獙镄勮繃绋嫔氨鏄瑕佸归夋嫨镄勫唴瀹规垨娲诲姩杩涜岄傚綋镄勫垎閰嶃佹暣钖,骞跺畨鎺掑悎鐞嗙殑瀛︿範椤哄簭,褰㈡垚鎸囧煎︿範娲诲姩镄勬暀𨱒愩
4锛夋寚瀵煎︿範缁忛獙
鎸囧煎︿範缁忛獙阒舵垫秹鍙婂埌浜嗗疄闄呮暀瀛︽椿锷ㄧ殑寮灞,鍗冲皢璇剧▼阃氲繃鏁欐潗鍐呭规垨娲诲姩浠ュ强鏁椤笀镄勬暀瀛﹀紩瀵,璁╁︾敓寮灞曞︿範銆
5锛夎瘎浼板︿範缁忛獙
鍦ㄨ繘琛屼简涓娈垫椂闂寸殑瀛︿範钖,闇瑕佸瑰凡缁忓紑灞旷殑瀛︿範杩涜岃瘎浼,浠ュ垽鏂钬沧槸钖﹁揪鎴愪简鏁椤︾洰镙団,涓哄悗缁镄勮剧▼鏀瑰杽銆佽皟鏁存垨鏀惧纯鎻愪緵淇℃伅鏀鎸併
2.濉斿反璇剧▼璁捐℃ā鍨
濉斿反镄勮剧▼璁捐′富寮犻噰鐢ㄧ郴缁熴佸㈣伞佺爷绌跺煎悜钖戠殑镐濊矾銆傚斿反灏嗘嘲鍕掔殑璇剧▼璁捐$殑锲涙垫ā寮忔敼镩涓轰竷姝ユā寮,閲岖偣闆嗕腑鍦ㄢ灭洰镙囥佸︿範缁忛獙鍜岃瘎浠封濅笁涓灞傞溃涓,杩欎笌娉板嫆鏄涓镙风殑銆傚斿反璇剧▼璁捐$殑涓冩ユā寮忓备笅锲撅细
璇ユā寮忕殑镙规湰鐩镄勬槸鍙戝𪾢瀛︾敓镄勬濈淮鎶鑳,鍗虫暀瀛︾敓濡备綍镐濊冦傛暀甯埚簲褰挞伩鍏嶈繃澶氩湴钖戝︾敓鎻愪緵浜嫔厛鍑嗗囧ソ镄勬暣濂楁傛嫭,搴斿綋璁╀粬浠瀛︿细镫绔嫔湴澶勭悊淇℃伅浠ュ舰鎴愯嚜宸辩殑姒傛嫭銆傝ユā寮忓畾钖戜簬杩囩▼,鎻愬¢氲繃瑙傚疗褰㈡垚钖勭嶆帹鐞嗙被鍨嬨
3.鏂愬嫆璇剧▼璁捐℃ā鍨
鏂愬嫆璁よ瘑鍒版嘲鍕掕剧▼璁捐℃ā鍨嬩负鐩寸嚎鍨嬫ā鍨嬶纴缂轰箯锲为堬纴锲犳ゅ瑰叾杩涜屼简鏀硅坛骞舵彁鍑轰简鍦嗙幆妯″纺锛屽备笅锲撅细
4.镆灏旇剧▼璁捐℃ā鍨
镆灏旀彁鍑轰简涓绉嶅叿链夊疄鐢ㄤ环鍊间笖鍐呭逛赴瀵岀殑鐩镙囨ā寮忥纴璇ユā寮忓寘𨰾锲涢”鏋勬垚鍐呭癸纴鍗崇洰镙囥佺煡璇嗐佸︿範缁忛獙鍜岃瘎閴淬傛煰灏旂殑璇剧▼璁捐℃ā鍨嫔备笅锛
1锛夌洰镙
瀛︾敓镄勫彂灞曘侀渶瑕佸强鍏磋叮锛屾墍闱涓寸殑绀句细鐘跺喌锛屽︾戞ц川鍜屽︿範褰㈡佽繖涓夋柟闱㈡槸纭绔嬬洰镙囩殑𨱒ユ簮锛屽悓镞讹纴纭瀹氱洰镙囱缮瑕佽冭槛璁ょ煡銆佹儏镒忎笌鎶鑳戒笁涓鏂归溃镄勫唴瀹广
2锛夌煡璇
鐭ヨ瘑镄勬瀯鎴愯佺礌𨱒ユ簮浜庡悇瀛︾戠殑锘烘湰姒傚康鍜镰旂┒鏂规硶锛岀粺鏁淬侀吨澶嶅拰椤哄簭铡熷垯鏄鏋勫缓鐭ヨ瘑镄勬爣鍑嗐
3锛夊︿範缁忛獙
瀛︿範缁忛獙𨱒ヨ嚜瀛︿範钥呭悓𨱍呭幂殑浜や簰褰卞搷銆傚︿範钥呭熷姪钖勭嶆劅瀹樸佽偄浣撶殑鍙备笌浣挞獙锛屽叾瀛︿範鏁堟灉浼氭洿锷犳繁鍒昏屾寔涔呫
4锛夎瘎浠
璇勪环镄勭洰镄勫湪浜庣‘璁ゆ槸钖﹁揪鎴愪简鐩镙囥傝繘琛岃瘎浠锋墍瑕佹敹闆嗙殑鏁版嵁鍖呮嫭鐩镙囩殑鍙琛屾с佸唴瀹逛笌鏂规硶镄勫戝悎镐с佸︿範钥呯殑闇瑕佷笌鎴愬氨绛夈傛祴楠屻侀溃璋堛佽冩牳绛夋槸璇勪环镄勬柟娉曘
镆灏旇剧▼璁捐℃ā鍨嬩笉瓒充箣澶勬槸锛屽湪瀛︿範缁忛獙鍜岃瘎浠蜂箣闂寸己灏戝疄鏂借繖涓锷ㄦ佺殑锷ㄤ綔銆傚彧链夊熷姪浜庡疄鏂斤纴瀛︿範钥呮墍瀛﹀埌镄勫㈣傝剧▼鍐呭规墠鑳借浆鍖栦负涓昏傝〃鐜帮纴浠ヨ繘琛岃瘎浠枫
5.链楀偓璇剧▼璁捐℃ā鍨
链楀偓鎻愬嚭镄勮剧▼璁捐℃ā寮锛屼富寮犺剧▼鍙戝𪾢瑕佺粡杩囨嫙瀹氱洰镙囥佸︿範璁捐°佽瘎浼般佹敼杩涘洓涓阒舵碉纴钖勯桩娈靛张鍒嗕负鑻ュ共缁呜妭姝ラゃ傛湕鍌镄勮剧▼璁捐℃ā鍨嫔备笅锛
6.瑭规.璇剧▼璁捐℃ā鍨
瑭规.镄勮剧▼妯″瀷灏呜剧▼瑙嗕负璇剧▼鍙戝𪾢绯荤粺镄勪骇鍑猴纴钖屾椂涔熻嗕负鏁椤︾郴缁熺殑鎶曞叆锛屽苟鐣屽畾璇剧▼涓衡滃叿链夌粨鏋勬х殑涓绯诲垪棰勬湡镄勫︿範缁撴灉钬濄
瑭规.镄勮剧▼姒傚康妯″纺濡备笅锲撅细
瑭规.钖庢潵灏呜嚜宸辩殑妯″纺鏀硅坛鎴愪负P-I-E妯″纺锛屽嵆瑙勫垝銆佸疄鏂藉拰璇勪环锛岃┕妫镄閯傚煄姒傚康搴旂敤浜庤剧▼涓庢暀瀛︽椂锛屽叡鍒嗕负浜斾釜瑕佺礌锛屽嵆鐩镙囧缓绔嬨佽剧▼阃夋嫨銆佽剧▼缁撴瀯銆佹暀瀛﹁勫垯鍜屾妧链镐ц瘎浠风瓑銆
7.鐡﹀厠璇剧▼瀹为檯妯″瀷
鐡﹀厠镄勮嚜铹舵ā鍨嬫瘆娉板嫆镄勭洰镙囨ā鍨嬫洿鍏锋湁寮规э纴鐩镙囧湪鐡﹀厠镊铹舵ā鍨嬩腑镄勯吨瑕佺▼搴﹁缉浣庛傜摝鍏嬬殑镊铹惰捐℃ā鍨嫔备笅锲撅细
8.鍙插寳鍏嬭剧▼璁捐′綋绯
鍙插寳鍏(Skilbeck)镄勮剧▼璁捐℃ā寮忓睘浜庢儏澧冨垎鏋愭ā寮忥纴鏄浠嬩簬鐩镙囨ā寮忓拰杩囩▼妯″纺镄勬姌琛锋ā寮忥纴浠栫殑璇剧▼璁捐¤繃绋嬫灦鏋勫寘𨰾𨱍呭冨垎鏋愶纴鐩镙囧舰鎴愶纴瀛︾▼寤虹珛锛岃癄閲娄笌瀹炴柦锛岀洃瀵熴佸弽棣堛佽瘎浼板拰閲嶅缓浜斾釜閮ㄥ垎镄勫唴瀹癸纴鍏蜂綋濡备笅锛
1锛夋儏澧冨垎鏋
𨱍呭冨垎鏋愯捐¤剧▼璁捐$殑鑴夌粶鍜岃捐$殑鍙琛屾э纴璇剧▼璁捐¤呭湪杩欎釜阒舵甸渶瑕佹敹闆嗗寘𨰾鐩稿叧鏁栾偛鍒跺害銆佹暀甯堢殑锘烘湰璧勬枡銆佸︿範钥呯殑锘烘湰璧勬枡绛夊湪鍐呯殑淇℃伅锛屽苟锲炵瓟钬滆剧▼闂棰桦拰闇瑕佹槸浠涔堬纻鎴戜滑濡备綍搴斾粯瀹冧滑锛颎濊繖涓涓蹇冮梾棰樸
2锛夌洰镙囧舰鎴
𨱍呭冨垎鏋愮殑缁撴灉鏄褰㈡垚鐩镙囩殑鍓嶆彁銆
鐩镙囨弿杩板寘𨰾鏁椤笀鍜屽︾敓镄勮屽姩(涓崭粎闄愪簬琛屼负鍙栧悜)銆侀勬湡镄勫︿範鎴愭灉绛夈
鐩镙囩殑绫诲瀷鍖呮嫭鏅阆岖洰镙囥佺壒瀹氱洰镙囥佺煭链熺洰镙囥侀暱链熺洰镙囩瓑,杩欎簺鐩镙囦细𨱌楃ず璁捐¤呯殑锅忓ソ銆佷环鍊笺佸垽鏂銆佷紭鍏堟у拰寮鸿皟閲岖偣銆
3锛夊︾▼寤虹珛
瀛︾▼寤虹珛鍖呮嫭璁捐℃暀瀛︽椿锷(鍐呭广佺粨鏋勫拰鏂规硶銆佽寖锲淬侀‘搴)銆佹暀𨱒愩佸悎阃傜殑鐜澧冦佷汉浜嬭皟閰嶅拰瑙掕壊鐣屽畾銆佹椂闂村畨鎺掋佸叾浠栬祫婧愮殑渚涘簲銆
4锛夎癄閲娄笌瀹炴柦
璇犻喷涓庡疄鏂藉叧娉ㄨ剧▼杞鍙樻椂镓阆囧埌镄勯梾棰,锲犱负璇剧▼镄勫紩杩涘彲鑳戒细瀵艰嚧鏄钖︽帴鍙楃殑闂棰,璁捐¤呭簲锅氩ソ鍑嗗囦互搴斿瑰彲鑳戒细鍑虹幇镄勪笉纭瀹氭儏鍐,澶勭悊娣蜂贡銆佹姉𨰾掋佹紶涓嶅叧蹇幂瓑闅鹃樸
5锛夌洃瀵熴佸弽棣堛佽瘎浼般侀吨寤
璇ラ桩娈电殑涓昏佸伐浣沧槸璁捐$洃瀵熷拰娌熼氱郴缁,鏋勫缓璇勪及绋嫔簭,搴斾粯鎸佺画璇勪及镄勫疄鏂,淇濊瘉璇剧▼璁捐¤繃绋嬬殑杩炵画镐с
璇ラ桩娈佃捐¤呰瘎浼扮殑閲岖偣鍖呮嫭涓や釜鏂归溃:涓鏄璇勪及瀛︿範钥呯殑瀛︿範娼滆兘鍜岃〃鐜;浜屾槸璇勪及璁捐″拰瀹炴柦璇剧▼镄勮繃绋嬨傝瘎浼扮粨鏋滀细鎴愪负璁ㄨ恒佸弽鐪佸拰琛屽姩镄勪緷鎹銆
9.杩閲戣剧▼璁捐℃ā鍨
杩閲戣剧▼璁捐℃槸涓绉嶈屽姩镰旂┒妯″纺,瀹冧富瑕佹槸鎸囨境澶у埄浜氲开閲戝ぇ瀛( Deakin University)镓鎻愬嚭镄勬壒鍒ゆх殑琛屽姩镰旂┒妯″纺銆
杩閲戞ā寮忕殑琛屽姩镰旂┒鏋勬垚浜嗕竴绯诲垪鍙岖渷镐х殑铻烘棆,杩欎釜铻烘棆鍖呮嫭锲涗釜钬滆繃绋嬫椂鍒烩,鍗虫櫘阆嶈″垝銆佽屽姩銆佽屽姩镄勮傚疗銆佸硅屽姩镄勫弽鐪併傝繖涓妯″纺镄勭洰镄勫湪浜庨紦锷卞弬涓庤呬箣闂寸殑璁ㄨ哄拰鎸佺画镄勫疄璺点
杩閲戠殑琛屽姩镰旂┒妯″纺濡备笅锲撅细
瀵逛簬杩閲戣屽姩镰旂┒妯″纺镄勫垎鏋愬备笅锲撅细
澹版槑锛氭枃绔犳潵婧愪簬缃戠粶锛岃宪浣沧潈褰掑师浣滆呮墍链夈傛湰鏂囨墍鐢ㄨ嗛戙佸浘鐗囥佹枃瀛楀傛秹鍙娄綔鍝佺増𨱒冮梾棰桡纴璇风涓镞堕棿锻婄煡锛屾垜浠灏嗘牴鎹鎭ㄦ彁渚涚殑璇佹槑𨱒愭枡纭璁ょ増𨱒冨苟鎸夊浗瀹舵爣鍑嗘敮浠樼块叕鎴栫珛鍗冲垹闄ゅ唴瀹广
\END\
‘肆’ 鏁版嵁搴撹捐℃傚康妯″瀷锲,阃昏緫妯″瀷锲惧垎鍒鏄浠涔
1.1.姒傚康妯″瀷(E-R锲炬弿杩)
姒傚康妯″瀷鏄瀵圭湡瀹炰笘鐣屼腑闂棰桦烟鍐呯殑浜嬬墿镄勬弿杩帮纴涓嶆槸瀵硅蒋浠惰捐$殑鎻忚堪銆
琛ㄧず姒傚康妯″瀷链甯哥敤镄勬槸"瀹炰綋-鍏崇郴"锲俱
E-R锲句富瑕佹槸鐢卞疄浣撱佸睘镐у拰鍏崇郴涓変釜瑕佺礌鏋勬垚镄勚傚湪E-R锲句腑锛屼娇鐢ㄤ简涓嬮溃鍑犵嶅熀链镄勫浘褰㈢﹀彿銆
瀹炰綋锛岀烦褰
E/R锲句笁瑕佺礌灞炴э纴妞鍦嗗舰
鍏崇郴锛岃彵褰
鍏崇郴锛氢竴瀵逛竴鍏崇郴锛屼竴瀵瑰氩叧绯伙纴澶氩瑰氩叧绯汇
E/R锲句腑镄勫瓙绫(瀹炰綋)锛
1.2.阃昏緫妯″瀷
阃昏緫鏁版嵁妯″瀷鍙嶆椠镄勬槸绯荤粺鍒嗘瀽璁捐′汉锻桦规暟鎹瀛桦偍镄勮傜偣锛屾槸瀵规傚康鏁版嵁妯″瀷杩涗竴姝ョ殑鍒呜В鍜岀粏鍖栥
1.3.鐗╃悊妯″瀷
鐗╃悊妯″瀷鏄瀵圭湡瀹炴暟鎹搴撶殑鎻忚堪銆傛暟鎹搴扑腑镄勪竴浜涘硅薄濡备笅锛氲〃锛岃嗗浘锛屽瓧娈碉纴鏁版嵁绫诲瀷銆侀暱搴︺佷富阌銆佸栭敭銆佺储寮曘佹槸钖﹀彲涓虹┖锛岄粯璁ゅ笺
姒傚康妯″瀷鍒扮墿鐞嗘ā鍨嬬殑杞鎹㈠嵆鏄鎶婃傚康妯″瀷涓镄勫硅薄杞鎹㈡垚鐗╃悊妯″瀷镄勫硅薄銆
‘伍’ S鍙傛暟镄勫傚浘 浜岀鍙g绣缁沧ā鍨嫔浘
涓嬮溃浠ヤ簩绔鍙g绣缁滀负渚嬭存槑钖勪釜S鍙傛暟镄勫惈涔夛纴濡备笂锲炬墍绀恒备簩绔鍙g绣缁沧湁锲涗釜S鍙傛暟锛孲ij浠h〃镄勬剰镐濇槸鑳介噺浠巎鍙f敞鍏ワ纴鍦╥鍙f祴寰楃殑鑳介噺锛屽係11瀹氢箟涓轰粠 Port1鍙e弽灏勭殑鑳介噺涓庤緭鍏ヨ兘閲忔瘆鍊肩殑骞虫柟镙癸纴涔熺粡甯歌绠鍖栦负绛夋晥鍙嶅皠鐢靛帇鍜岀瓑鏁埚叆灏勭数铡嬬殑姣斿硷纴钖勫弬鏁扮殑鐗╃悊钖涔夊拰鐗规畩缃戠粶镄勭壒镐у备笅锛
S11锛氱鍙2鍖归厤镞讹纴绔鍙1镄勫弽灏勭郴鏁帮绂
S22锛氱鍙1鍖归厤镞讹纴绔鍙2镄勫弽灏勭郴鏁帮绂
S12锛氱鍙1鍖归厤镞讹纴绔鍙2鍒扮鍙1镄勫弽钖戜紶杈撶郴鏁帮绂
S21锛氱鍙2鍖归厤镞讹纴绔鍙1鍒扮鍙2镄勬e悜浼犺緭绯绘暟锛
瀵逛簬浜掓槗缃戠粶锛屾湁锛歋12=S21锛
瀵逛簬镞犺楃绣缁滐纴链夛细锛圫11锛2+锛圫12锛2=1 锛
鎴戜滑缁忓父鐢ㄥ埌镄勫崟镙逛紶杈撶嚎锛屾垨涓涓杩囧瓟锛屽氨鍙浠ョ瓑鏁堟垚涓涓浜岀鍙g绣缁滐纴涓绔鎺ヨ緭鍏ヤ俊鍙凤纴鍙︿竴绔鎺ヨ緭鍑轰俊鍙凤纴濡傛灉浠Port1浣滀负淇″彿镄勮緭鍏ョ鍙o纴 Port2浣滀负淇″彿镄勮緭鍑虹鍙o纴闾d箞S11琛ㄧず镄勫氨鏄锲炴尝鎹熻楋纴鍗虫湁澶氩皯鑳介噺琚鍙嶅皠锲炴簮绔锛圥ort1锛夛纴杩欎釜鍊艰秺灏忚秺濂斤纴涓鑸寤鸿甋11< 0.1锛屽嵆锛20dB锛汼21琛ㄧず鎻掑叆鎹熻楋纴涔熷氨鏄链夊氩皯鑳介噺琚浼犺緭鍒扮洰镄勭锛圥ort2锛変简锛岃繖涓鍊艰秺澶ц秺濂斤纴鐞嗘兂鍊兼槸1锛屽嵆0dB锛孲21瓒婂ぇ浼犺緭镄勬晥鐜囱秺楂桡纴涓鑸寤鸿甋21>0.7锛屽嵆锛3dB銆